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You may think you are discreet about your political views. But Facebook, the world’s largest social media network, has come up with its own determination of your political leanings, based on your activity on the site.你有可能实在自己在传达政治观点时十分慎重。不过，世界上仅次于的社交媒体网络Facebook早已根据你在该网站上的活动，自行决定了你的政治偏向。And now, it is easy to find out how Facebook has categorized you — as very liberal or very conservative, or somewhere in between.现在，很更容易找到Facebook对你的归类——极端自由派、极端保守派，或者介于两者之间。Try this (it works best on your desktop computer):试一下吧（在台式电脑上最便利）：Go to facebook.com/ads/preferences on your browser. (You may have to log in to Facebook first.)在浏览器上关上facebook.com/ads/preferences（你有可能得再行指定Facebook）。

That will bring you to a page with your ad preferences. Under the “Interests” header, click the “Lifestyle and Culture” tab.你不会看见一个关于你的广告偏爱的网页。页面“兴趣”(Interests)那栏中的“生活方式和文化”按钮(Lifestyle and Culture)。

Then look for a box titled “US Politics.” In parentheses, it will describe how Facebook has categorized you, such as liberal, moderate or conservative.然后找寻一个名为“美国政治”(US Politics)的方框。括号里写出着Facebook对你的归类，比如自由派、温和派或保守派。

(If the “US Politics” box does not show up, click the “See more” button under the grid of boxes.)（如果“美国政治”方框没经常出现，那就页面那一堆方框下面的“更加多”[See more]按钮。）Facebook makes a deduction about your political views based on the pages that you like — or on your political preference, if you stated one, on your profile page. If you like the page for Hillary Clinton, Facebook might categorize you as a liberal.Facebook根据你讨厌的网页对你的政治观点作出推测——或者是根据你在概述页面标明的政治偏向（如果你标明了的话）。如果你讨厌希拉里克林顿(Hillary Clinton)的主页，那么Facebook有可能把你不属于自由派。

Even if you do not like any candidates’ pages, if most of the people who like the same pages that you do — such as Ben and Jerry’s ice cream — identify as liberal, then Facebook might classify you as one, too.就算你不讨厌网页候选人的主页，如果跟你网页完全相同网页（比如Ben and Jerry’s牌冰激凌）的大部分人被确认为自由派，那么Facebook有可能也把你归属于自由派。Facebook has long been collecting information on its users, but it recently revamped the ad preferences page, making it easier to view.Facebook长期以来仍然在搜集用户信息，不过它最近改良了广告偏爱网页，让它更加更容易网页。The information is valuable. Advertisers, including many political campaigns, pay Facebook to show their ads to specific demographic groups. The labels Facebook assigns to its users help campaigns more precisely target a particular audience.这些信息很有价值。广告商，还包括很多政治竞选机构，花钱让Facebook把自己的广告展出给特定的细分群体。

Facebook给用户特的标签能协助竞选团队更加精准地瞄准某些用户。For instance, Donald J. Trump’s presidential campaign has paid for its ads to be shown to those who Facebook has labeled politically moderate.比如，唐纳德J特朗普(Donald J. Trump)的总统竞选团队花钱把广告展出给被Facebook标记为温和派的用户。

Campaigns can also use the groupings to show different messages to different supporters. They may want to show an ad to their hard-core supporters, for example, that is unlike an ad targeted at people just tuning in to the election.竞选团队还可以利用这些分组，把有所不同的信息展出给有所不同的支持者。比如，他们想要给铁杆支持者展出的广告有可能不同于给刚开始关心议会选举的人的广告。

It is not clear how aggressively Facebook is gathering political information on users outside the United States. The social network has 1.7 billion active users, including about 204 million in the United States.尚能不确切Facebook在搜集美国之外用户的政治信息方面的大力程度。这个社交网络共计17亿活跃用户，其中美国用户大约为2.04亿。

Political outlook is just one of the attributes Facebook compiles on its users. Many of the others are directly commercial: whether you like television comedy shows, video games or Nascar.政治观点只是Facebook追加的一项用户信息。其他很多信息都必要跟商业有关：你否讨厌电视喜剧节目、电子游戏或全国汽车比赛协会(Nascar)的赛事。To learn more about how political campaigns are targeting voters on social media, The New York Times is collecting Facebook ads from our readers with a project called AdTrack. You can take part by visiting nytimes.com and searching for “Send us the political ads.”为了更好地理解政治竞选团队如何在社交媒体上瞄准选民，《纽约时报》正在从读者中搜集Facebook的广告，这个项目名为AdTrack。你可以通过采访nytimes.com，搜寻“给我们放政治广告”(Send us the political ads)展开参予。

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